What’s An End Mill?
End mill is a type of milling cutter to removing material from a given workpiece by a milling machine. It is with cutting teeth at one end, as well as on the sides. So it can cut in all directions while a drill can only cut in the axial direction.
What’s The Helix Angles On An End Mill?
Applications
—in applications requiring profile milling, tracer milling, shape milling, face milling and plunging.
- Traditional Roughing
- Slotting
- Finishing
- Contouring
- Plunging
- High Efficiency Milling
Tpyes of End Mills? How To Distinguish End Mills? From Geometry.
- Square End Mills
- Ball Nose End Mills
- Corner Radius End Mills
What’s The Substrate Of End Mills?
Most common materials for end mills are Carbon Steel/High Speed Steel/Cemented Carbides. Carbon Steel End Mills will lose its hardness at 200° C, can’t work in a high speed due to easy to break. High Speed Steel(HHS) End Mills are better response to heat and wear than a carbon steel end mill. It will lose its hardness at 600° C. Cemented Carbides End Mills are much harder than High Speed Steel End Mills.
Cemented Carbides End Mills are made of Tungsten Steel which is an alloy material with extremely high hardness, high strength, good toughness, excellent wear resistance, and heat resistance. Thanks to its high hardness and excellent wear resistance, it remains basically unchanged even at a temperature of 500°C, and can still have a high hardness at 1000°C. Our cemented carbides can reach HRA92/HRA93. In the long run, they are a more cost-efficient choice while the up-front costs are higher.
How Many Flutes Should I Choice On An End Mill?
Flutes are the deep spiral grooves that allow chip formation and evacuation. Fewer flutes are best for chip evacuation, keeping the bit cooler, but leaving a rougher surface cut while more flutes create a smoother surface finish.
2 or 3 flutes are best for use on Wood and aluminium as these produce very large chips in comparison to other materials.
4 flutes are used on most other materials, can cut harder materials than 2 flutes and will create an overall smoother surface finish.
Should An End Mill Do Coating?
Simply put, coating is to increase the life of the tool by reducing wear and tear. Popular coatings are Aluminum Titanium Nitride (AlTiN) and Titanium Diboride (TiB2). AlTiN coating reduces sticking of aluminium to the tool, reducing and sometimes eliminating need for lubrication.
The angle measured from the centerline of the tool and a straight line tangent along the cutting edge.
螺旋角越大，切削锋利性越好 The larger the helix angle, the better the cutting sharpness.
30°Helix is ideal for general purpose machining.
45°Helix is ideal for high speed machining and finsihing non-ferrous materials. 60°Helix is ideal for finsihing of easy to machine materials.
If hard metals are being milled, low helix angles are required for successful results. High helix angles, on the other hand, are best for soft metals.
What Dimensions Are Needed?
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How To Choice An End Mill?
That will depends on the materials of workpiece, spindle speed, feed rate, coating, needing smoother surface finish or not. 切深量
Material:
End Mills For Aluminium Bronzes
End Mills For Stainless Steel
End Mills for HRC68 High Speed Hard Milling
End Mills for HRC55 High Hardness Steel
End Mills For HRC45 Mould Steel
Troubleshooting Tips for working with End Mills
- Selecting the right tooling for your material and project will improve the quality of your work and reduce the need for excessive hand-finishing.
- The feed rate of the material must be matched to the optimal speed of the end mill.
- A 50% reduction in operating speed can double the life span of your end mill.
- Choose the correct flute count for the application – proper chip evacuation is crucial as heated cutters can lead to low-quality cutting (burnt material, burred edging and dull tooling).
- Use carbide end mills for harder materials and high production applications.
- Sometimes extra length end mills are necessary to use, but to combat deflection (bending of the bit) operate at the proper speed and feed rates and always use the most rigid (shortest and widest) end mill available for the application.
- Use coolant or compressed air to prevent chip build-up.
- Use the whole side of the cutting edges rather than a small portion towards the tip. This will improve the shelf life of your endmill as the heat and work is distributed over a larger surface area.